Microsatellites, or short tandemly repeated DNA sequences, are a unique class of sequences in the genome composed of repeated nucleotide units. These sequences show variation in the number of repeats among individuals, resulting in what is known as population polymorphism. Our Microsatellite Instability (MSI) Analysis Service is designed to assess the stability of microsatellites within the genome based on our Cancer NGS Panel and NGS platforms.
Microsatellites are widely distributed in a variety of locations on chromosomes, whether they are found in introns, UTR regions, exons, in telomeres and other non-coding regulatory element regions. However, microsatellite instability is a relatively common phenomenon in tumors. The state of microsatellite instability predicts the cause and development of the tumor, and can also play an important role in different cancer types as an aid to diagnosis and drug guidance.
The degree of instability can be categorized into three groups: microsatellite-high instability (MSI-H), microsatellite-low instability (MSI-L), and microsatellite stability (MSS). MSI-H has been associated with several solid tumors, including endometrial cancer (20%-30%), gastric cancer (20%), and colorectal cancer (12%-15%, with higher rates in stage IV colorectal cancer). These variations are of critical importance in the field of immunotherapy, as they serve as important molecular markers. Our advanced technology enables the analysis of MSI with high precision and efficiency.
The advancement of molecular biology and the decreasing cost of sequencing have paved the way for next-generation sequencing (NGS) to play a pivotal role in tumor diagnosis and treatment. In recent years, we have incorporated whole-exome sequencing and targeted NGS technology into our MSI detection methods. Notably, our NGS Panel assays for solid tumors encompass MSI evaluation within their detection scope.
| Test Method | Sample Type | Accuracy | Throughput | Advantages | Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCR + Capillary Electrophoresis | DNA (microsatellite) | High | 96 (medium to high) | High accuracy, standardized loci detection | Insufficient genes/eggs with abnormal function |
| IHC (Immunohistochemistry) | MMR protein | Low | Medium | High prevalence, clear protein function | Problems such as fluorescence over antibodies, inconsistencies in pathologist's reading criteria |
| NGS (Next-Generation Sequencing) | DNA (microsatellite) | High | Low-High | Multi-site high throughput detection | - |
Tailored to the needs of patients with solid tumors, our Pan-cancer NGS Panel utilizes hybridization capture and high-throughput sequencing technology to predict the effectiveness of immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and chemotherapy drugs. This product covers the whole exon region of 285 genes (Up to 516 genes), part of the exon region of 716 related genes, and regions prone to gene fusions.
Advantages of our Pan-cancer Panel Sequencing
Our NGS service leverages the power of high-throughput sequencing to analyze microsatellite instability with unparalleled accuracy and efficiency. Traditional methods often fall short in providing a holistic view of genomic instability. In contrast, our NGS-based approach allows for the simultaneous analysis of hundreds to thousands of microsatellite loci, enabling a comprehensive assessment of the genome's stability.
Advantages of Our NGS MSI Analysis
Initiating your MSI analysis with our sequencing services or panels is as simple as Contacting us for a consultation. Our team is ready to collaborate with you to ensure your research objectives are met efficiently and effectively.
